Table of contents

Preface Construction History Series (by Karl-Eugen Kurrer)

Foreword (by Werner Sobek)

Introduction (by Bill Addis)

SECTION A - PHYSICAL MODELS FROM ANCIENT TIMES TO THE 1880s

1 Dirk Bühler: Models in civil engineering from ancient times to the Industrial Revolution

2 Santiago Huerta: Block models of the masonry arch and vault

3 Rainer Graefe: The catenary and the line of thrust as a means for shaping arches and vaults

4 Andreas Kahlow: Leonhard Euler and the model tests for a 300 metre timber arched bridge in St. Petersburg

5 Dennis Smith: The use of models in early nineteenth-century British suspension bridge design

6 Bill Addis: Models used during the design of the Conwy and Britannia tubular bridges

SECTION B - PHYSICAL MODELS USED IN STRUCTURAL DESIGN, 1890s-1930s

7 Mike Chrimes: The use of models to inform the structural design of dams, 1890-1940

8 Bill Addis: Models used during the design of the Boulder Dam

9 Roland May: The role of models in the early development of Zeiss-Dywidag shells

10 Mario Chiorino & Gabriele Neri: Model testing of structures in pre-war Italy; the School of Arturo Danusso

11 Joaquin Antuna: Eduardo Torroja and his use of models up to 1936

12 Bill Addis: Photoelastic stress analysis

SECTION C - PHYSICAL MODELS USED IN STRUCTURAL DESIGN, 1940s TO 1980s

13 Bernard Espion: Structural modelling technique

14 Christiane Weber: Physical modelling at the University of Stuttgart

15 Mario Chiorino & Gabriele Neri: Model testing of structures in post-war Italy: the activity of ISMES 1951-1974

16 Joaquin Antuna: Eduardo Torroja and his use of models from 1939

17 Edwin Trout: Scale models for structural testing at the Cement and Concrete Association, UK: 1951-73

18 Pepa Casinello: Heinz Hossdorf: his contribution to the development of physical model testing

19 Berthold Burkhardt: Soap film and soap bubble models

20 Lukas Ingold: The model as an ideal building: the origins of the design methods of Sergio Musmeci

21 John Chilton: Heinz Isler and his use of physical models

22 Ian Liddell: Models for the design development, engineering and construction of the Multihalle for the 1975 Bundesgartenschau in Mannheim

SECTION D - PHYSICAL MODELS USED IN NON-STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING DISCIPLINES

23 Bill Addis: The historical use of physical model testing in free-surface hydraulic engineering

24 Bill Addis: The historical use of physical model testing in wind engineering

25 Bill Addis: The historical use of physical model testing in earthquake engineering

26 Raf Orlowski: The historical use of models in the acoustic design of buildings

27 Bill Craig: Geotechnical centrifuge models ? a history of their role in pre-construction design

SECTION E - PHYSICAL MODELLING IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY

28 Mamoru Kawaguchi: Physical models as powerful weapons in structural design

29 Bruce Martin: Physical modelling of structures for contemporary building design

30 David Wendland: Using physical models in the design of complex masonry structures

31 James Sutherland: Physical modelling of free surface water - current practice

32 Francesco Dorigatti: Boundary-layer wind tunnel model testing - current practice

33 Amarnath Kasalanati: Model testing using shake tables - current practice

34 David White: Geotechnical centrifuge modelling - current practice

35 Raf Orlowski: The use of physical models in acoustic design - current practice

36 Owen Connick: Water-bath modelling - small-scale simulation of natural ventilation flows

37 Jan Knippers: The use of biological models for building engineering design

38 Mamoru Kawaguchi: Flying a 100 metre long Jumbo Koinobori

39 Dirk Bühler & Christiane Weber: Epilogue: A future for models from the past

APPENDICES - Earliest writings in engineering literature about scaling and the use of reduced-scale models

A1 Original source 15BC Vitruvius.

A2 Original source 1638 Galileo.

A3 Original source 1772 Leonard Euler.

A4Original source 1801 Report on Telford's arch bridge across the Thames

A5 Original source 1846 Short article on models in The Builder.

A6 Original source 1847 Short article in Civil Engineer and Architects' Journal.

A7 Original source 1887 part of paper by Osborne Reynolds.

100 word AUTHOR BIOGRAPHIES